Android

SDK Setup

http://xmodulo.com/how-to-run-android-emulator-on-ubuntu-or-debian.html

CID

CID would appear to stand for 'Country ID' - but LTE users have found flashing a different number CID firmware (than their original) broke network support. More here.
CID6 = XT1031 - CDMA (Republic Wireless US)
CID7 = XT1032 - European Global GSM (Single-SIM) or XT1033 - Retail Asia (Dual-SIM) 
CID9 = XT1031 - CDMA (Boost US) or XT1032 - Retail US Global GSM or XT1034 - Retail US AWS
CID12 = XT1032 - Latin America / Brazil Global GSM (Single-SIM) or XT1033 - Latin America / Brazil Global GSM (Dual-SIM) 
CID14 = XT1034 - Retail Canada AWS or XT1034 - Bell Canada AWS

IMEI

IMEI=$(cat /proc/config/imei/ascii)
echo 'AT+EGMR=1,14,'"$IMEI" > /dev/pttycmd1

Commands

List all files:

ls -lRa

Remount file system as read/write:

mount -o remount,rw /system

Symbolic Link:

ln -sf /system/efs

Change modes:

chmod 0555 filename

Busybox:

/system/xbin/busybox

Diag Mode:

setprop sys.usb.config diag,adb

Find all mount points:

cd /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/
ls -las

Back up of the whole memory block (via adb)

Source: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=1818321

Connect the phone in ADB mode and unlock the screen. Open one Cygwin Terminal and enter (replace mmcblk0 if needed): Code:

adb forward tcp:5555 tcp:5555
adb shell
su
/system/xbin/busybox nc -l -p 5555 -e /system/xbin/busybox dd if=/dev/block/mmcblk0

You will see the cursor blinking at the left. Now the phone is waiting to send the block over the network.

Open another Cygwin terminal and type: Code:

adb forward tcp:5555 tcp:5555
cd /path/to/store/the/backup
nc 127.0.0.1 5555 | pv -i 0.5 > mmcblk0.raw

You will see how the image size is growing until it finishes. Now you have the whole phone backed up in raw format. You can see the contents of the GPT partition with gptfdisk tool, available for windows, linux and such. See official website and sourceforge to get it. You can do it the same from ClockWorkMod Recovery but you have to mount first the /system partition since the busybox included with clockworkmod does not come with netcat and you have to use the one from the system partition. With further linux tools you could edit or extract single partitions from the whole block.